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# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins, also known as menstrual pads, are essential hygiene products used by women during menstruation. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of these materials is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers.

## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins

The primary raw materials used in the production of sanitary napkins include:

– **Absorbent Core**: This is the central layer responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a blend of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). The wood pulp provides bulk and structure, while SAP enhances the absorbency.
– **Top Sheet**: The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is usually made from non-woven fabrics or perforated films that are soft, breathable, and quick-drying. Common materials include polypropylene and polyethylene.
– **Back Sheet**: The back sheet is the outermost layer that prevents leakage. It is often made from polyethylene film, which is waterproof and provides a barrier against moisture.
– **Adhesive**: Adhesive is used to attach the sanitary napkin to the underwear. It is typically a pressure-sensitive adhesive that is safe for skin contact.
– **Release Paper**: This is a protective layer that covers the adhesive before use. It is usually made from silicone-coated paper or film.

## Properties of Raw Materials

Each raw material used in sanitary napkins has specific properties that contribute to the overall performance of the product:

– **Absorbent Core**: The absorbent core must have high absorbency, good retention capacity, and quick absorption rates. The combination of wood pulp and SAP ensures that the core can handle varying flow levels without leakage.
– **Top Sheet**: The top sheet should be soft, hypoallergenic, and non-irritating to the skin. It should also allow for quick passage of fluid to the absorbent core while keeping the surface dry.
– **Back Sheet**: The back sheet must be impermeable to liquids to prevent leakage. It should also be flexible and comfortable to wear.
– **Adhesive**: The adhesive should provide strong and reliable adhesion to the underwear without causing irritation or leaving residue.
– **Release Paper**: The release paper should be easy to remove and should not tear or leave debris on the adhesive.

## Environmental Considerations

With increasing awareness of environmental issues, there is a growing demand for eco-friendly sanitary napkins. Manufacturers are exploring alternative materials such as biodegradable plastics, organic cotton, and bamboo fibers. These materials aim to reduce the environmental impact of sanitary napkins while maintaining their performance and comfort.

In conclusion, the raw materials used in sanitary napkins play a vital role in determining their effectiveness, comfort, and environmental impact. By understanding the composition and properties of these materials, consumers can make informed choices, and manufacturers can innovate to meet the evolving needs of their customers.